Who is eligible for Vnotes?

14.05.2026 Prof. Dr. Cihan Kaya

Who Can Undergo vNOTES? – Patient Selection Guide

General Information

vNOTES (vaginal natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery) is a safe and effective minimally invasive surgical method with appropriate patient selection.

Suitable Patient Profile

• Patients desiring minimally invasive surgery
• Those who do not want abdominal incision scars
• Those with expectations of rapid recovery

Suitable Patients According to Gynecological Indications

• Benign diseases requiring hysterectomy
• Ovarian cysts
• Endometrioma (selected cases)
• Ectopic pregnancy
• Pelvic organ prolapse

Patients with Pelvic Organ Prolapse

• Uterine prolapse
• Vaginal vault prolapse
• Enterocele
• Combined prolapses

Advantageous Patient Groups

• Obese patients
• Those who have undergone previous abdominal surgery
• Patients with high cosmetic expectations

Conditions Required for Suitability

• Appropriate vaginal access
• Suitability of pelvic anatomy
• Surgeon's experience

Relatively Unsuitable Patients

• Extensive intra-abdominal adhesions
• Very large uterus (relative)
• Situations where vaginal access is difficult

Absolutely Unsuitable Conditions

• Active pelvic infection
• Severe general health problems
• Patients unsuitable for surgery

Clinical Reality

vNOTES is not applicable to every patient. The most important factors are correct patient selection and surgeon experience.

Conclusion

In suitable patients, vNOTES provides high patient satisfaction and successful outcomes with the advantage of scarless surgery.

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