Cystocele

Bladder Prolapse (Cystocele) – Comprehensive Guide

What is Cystocele?

Bladder prolapse is the downward displacement of the bladder towards the anterior vaginal wall. It develops as a result of pelvic floor weakness.

Causes

• Vaginal births
• Menopause (estrogen decrease)
• Chronic cough
• Constipation
• Obesity
• Heavy lifting

Symptoms

• Feeling of fullness in the vagina
• Palpable mass
• Urinary incontinence
• Difficulty urinating
• Frequent urination

Grading

• Mild: Limited to within the vagina
• Moderate: Reaching the vaginal opening
• Severe: May protrude outside the vagina

Diagnosis

• Gynecological examination
• Pelvic examination
• Urodynamic tests if necessary

Treatment Options

1. Observation: In mild cases
2. Pelvic floor exercises
3. Vaginal pessary (support device)
4. Surgical treatment

Surgical Treatment

Anterior vaginal wall repair is performed. Mesh or tissue repair may be applied if necessary.

Who Needs Surgery?

• Severe prolapse
• Significant symptoms
• Conditions affecting quality of life

Prevention

• Kegel exercises
• Weight management
• Constipation prevention
• Avoiding heavy lifting

Clinical Fact

Cystocele is a common condition and can be managed with appropriate treatment.

Conclusion

Bladder prolapse is a treatable condition. Its progression can be prevented with early intervention.