Adenomyosis Infertility

Adenomyosis and Infertility – Comprehensive Guide

The Relationship Between Adenomyosis and Infertility

Adenomyosis is a disease whose relationship with infertility has been better understood, especially in recent years. It can reduce the chance of pregnancy by affecting the internal structure of the uterus and the embryo's implantation environment.

How Does It Lead to Infertility?

Adenomyosis negatively affects fertility by causing changes in the uterine muscle structure, inflammation, and hormonal imbalances.

Effect on Embryo Implantation

Disruption of the junctional zone between the uterine inner layer and the muscle layer can make it difficult for the embryo to implant in the uterus.

Uterine Contractility

Adenomyosis can prevent proper embryo implantation by increasing uterine contractions.

Inflammation and Immunity

Increased inflammation and cytokine levels can negatively affect embryo development and implantation.

Hormonal Effects

Progesterone resistance and estrogen dominance can make it difficult for the uterine environment to become suitable for pregnancy.

Effect on IVF Success

IVF success rates may decrease in patients with adenomyosis. However, success can be increased with appropriate preparation and treatment.

In Which Patients Is It More Pronounced?

The effect on infertility is more pronounced in the presence of advanced age, diffuse adenomyosis, and coexisting endometriosis.

Treatment Options

Hormonal suppression (especially GnRH analogs), surgical treatment, and pre-IVF preparation protocols can be applied.

GnRH Pre-treatment

Suppression therapy with GnRH analogs for 2-3 months before IVF can increase pregnancy rates in some patients.

Clinical Approach

Each patient should be evaluated individually. A treatment plan is made according to age, ovarian reserve, and the extent of the disease.

Conclusion

Adenomyosis can contribute to infertility, but it is possible to achieve pregnancy with proper treatment and planning.